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1 surówka tomasowska
• basic Bessemer pig iron• basic pig iron• Thomas pig ironSłownik polsko-angielski dla inżynierów > surówka tomasowska
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2 surówka zasadowa
• basic Bessemer pig iron• basic pig iron -
3 томасовский чугун
Русско-английский новый политехнический словарь > томасовский чугун
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4 томасовский чугун
basic pig iron, Thomas ironРусско-английский исловарь по машиностроению и автоматизации производства > томасовский чугун
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5 томасовский чугун
1) Engineering: Thomas iron, Thomas pig iron, basic Bessemer pig iron, basic converter pig iron, basic pig iron, basis Bessemer cast iron, basis Bessemer pig iron, phosphoric iron2) Railway term: basic pig -
6 томасовский чугун
basic Bessemer pig iron метал., basic converter pig iron, Thomas pig ironРусско-английский научно-технический словарь Масловского > томасовский чугун
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7 томасовский чугун
basic (Bessemer)pig iron, phosphoric iron, Thomas (pig) ironРусско-английский политехнический словарь > томасовский чугун
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8 thomastackjärn
basic Bessemer pig iron -
9 Bessemer, Sir Henry
SUBJECT AREA: Metallurgy[br]b. 19 January 1813 Charlton (near Hitchin), Hertfordshire, Englandd. 15 January 1898 Denmark Hill, London, England[br]English inventor of the Bessemer steelmaking process.[br]The most valuable part of Bessemer's education took place in the workshop of his inventor father. At the age of only 17 he went to London to seek his fortune and set himself up in the trade of casting art works in white metal. He went on to the embossing of metals and other materials and this led to his first major invention, whereby a date was incorporated in the die for embossing seals, thus preventing the wholesale forgeries that had previously been committed. For this, a grateful Government promised Bessemer a paid position, a promise that was never kept; recognition came only in 1879 with a belated knighthood. Bessemer turned to other inventions, mainly in metalworking, including a process for making bronze powder and gold paint. After he had overcome technical problems, the process became highly profitable, earning him a considerable income during the forty years it was in use.The Crimean War presented inventors such as Bessemer with a challenge when weaknesses in the iron used to make the cannon became apparent. In 1856, at his Baxter House premises in St Paneras, London, he tried fusing cast iron with steel. Noticing the effect of an air current on the molten mixture, he constructed a reaction vessel or converter in which air was blown through molten cast iron. There was a vigorous reaction which nearly burned the house down, and Bessemer found the iron to be almost completely decarburized, without the slag threads always present in wrought iron. Bessemer had in fact invented not only a new process but a new material, mild steel. His paper "On the manufacture of malleable iron and steel without fuel" at the British Association meeting in Cheltenham later that year created a stir. Bessemer was courted by ironmasters to license the process. However, success was short-lived, for they found that phosphorus in the original iron ore passed into the metal and rendered it useless. By chance, Bessemer had used in his trials pig-iron, derived from haematite, a phosphorus-free ore. Bessemer tried hard to overcome the problem, but lacking chemical knowledge he resigned himself to limiting his process to this kind of pig-iron. This limitation was removed in 1879 by Sidney Gilchrist Thomas, who substituted a chemically basic lining in the converter in place of the acid lining used by Bessemer. This reacted with the phosphorus to form a substance that could be tapped off with the slag, leaving the steel free from this harmful element. Even so, the new material had begun to be applied in engineering, especially for railways. The open-hearth process developed by Siemens and the Martin brothers complemented rather than competed with Bessemer steel. The widespread use of the two processes had a revolutionary effect on mechanical and structural engineering and earned Bessemer around £1 million in royalties before the patents expired.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnighted 1879. FRS 1879. Royal Society of Arts Albert Gold Medal 1872.Bibliography1905, Sir Henry Bessemer FRS: An Autobiography, London.LRD -
10 Monell, Ambrose
SUBJECT AREA: Metallurgy[br]b. 1874 New York, USAd. 2 May 1921 Beacon, New York, USA[br]American metallurgist who gave his name to a successful nickel-copper alloy.[br]After graduating from Columbia University in 1896. Monell became a metallurgical engineer to the Carnegie Steel Company, rising in six years to be Assistant to the President. In 1900, while Manager of the company's open-hearth steelworks at Pittsburg, he patented a procedure for making high-carbon steel in basic conditions on the hearth of a fixed/stationary furnace; the method was intended to refine pig-iron containing substantial proportions of phosphorus and to do so relatively quickly. The process was introduced at the Homestead Works of the Carnegie Steel Company in February 1900, where it continued in use for some years. In April 1902 Monell was among those who launched the International Nickel Company of New Jersey in order to bring together a number of existing nickel interests; he became the new company's President. In 1904–5, members of the company's metallurgical staff produced an alloy of about 70 parts nickel and 30 copper which seemed to show great commercial promise on account of its high resistance to corrosion and its good appearance. Monell agreed to the suggestion that the new alloy should be given his name; for commercial reasons it was marketed as "Monel metal". In 1917, following the entry of the USA into the First World War, Monell was commissioned Colonel in the US Army (Aviation) for overseas service, relinquishing his presidency of the International Nickel Company but remaining as a director. At the time of his death he was also a director in several other companies in the USA.[br]Bibliography1900, British patent no. 5506 (taken out by O. Imray on behalf of Monell).Monell insinuated an account of his steel-making procedure at a meeting of the Iron and Steel Institute held in London and reported in The Journal of the Iron and SteelInstitute (1900) 1:71–80; some of the comments made by other speakers, particularly B.Talbot, were adverse. The following year (1901) Monell produced a general historical review: "A summary of development in open-hearth steel", Iron TradeReview 14(14 November):39–47.Further ReadingA.J.Wadhams, 1931, "The story of the nickel industry", Metals and Alloys 2(3):166–75 (mentions Monell among many others, and includes a portrait (p. 170)).JKA -
11 Thomasroheisen
n < metall> ■ basic Bessemer pig iron
См. также в других словарях:
Pig iron — [ thumb|300px|Two pig iron weights for use in a theatrefly system.] [ puddling process of smelting iron ore to make wrought iron from pig iron, the right half of the illustration (not shown) displays men working a blast furnace, Tiangong Kaiwu… … Wikipedia
pig iron — noun crude iron tapped from a blast furnace • Hypernyms: ↑iron, ↑Fe, ↑atomic number 26 • Hyponyms: ↑basic iron, ↑cinder pig, ↑mine pig, ↑spiegeleisen, ↑spiegel, ↑ … Useful english dictionary
Basic oxygen steelmaking — ( BOS, BOF, Linz Donawitz Verfahren, LD converter ) is a method of steelmaking in which carbon rich molten iron is made into steel. The process is an improvement over the historically important Bessemer process. The LD converter is named after… … Wikipedia
basic-oxygen process — basic( oxygen) process noun A steelmaking process in which oxygen is blown at high pressure through molten pig iron • • • Main Entry: ↑basic … Useful english dictionary
basic(-oxygen) process — noun A steelmaking process in which oxygen is blown at high pressure through molten pig iron ● basic … Useful english dictionary
iron processing — Introduction use of a smelting process to turn the ore into a form from which products can be fashioned. Included in this article also is a discussion of the mining of iron and of its preparation for smelting. Iron (Fe) is a… … Universalium
Iron — Fe redirects here. For other uses, see Fe (disambiguation). This article is about the chemical element. For other uses, see Iron (disambiguation). manganese … Wikipedia
basic oxygen process — a high speed method of steelmaking in which oxygen of high purity is blown through an oxygen lance at high velocity onto the surface of a bath containing steel scrap and molten pig iron within a vessel with a basic lining (basic oxygen furnace).… … Universalium
basic process — noun : a process (as in steelmaking) carried on in a furnace lined with basic material (as magnesite, dolomite, lime, or iron oxide) and under a slag that is dominantly basic opposed to acid process; compare bessemer process * * * basic( oxygen)… … Useful english dictionary
pig — pig1 /pig/, n., v., pigged, pigging. n. 1. a young swine of either sex, esp. a domestic hog, Sus scrofa, weighing less than 120 lb. (220 kg.) 2. any wild or domestic swine. 3. the flesh of swine; pork. 4. a person of piglike character, behavior,… … Universalium
basic iron — noun pig iron containing a high percentage of phosphorus; used in making steel by a process that removes the phosphorus • Hypernyms: ↑pig iron * * * noun : pig iron that contains a high percentage of phosphorus and is used for making steel by a… … Useful english dictionary
